According to a market research report shared by industry research firm IBISWorld, the virtual data room vendor industry has grown at an annualized rate of 16.7 percent from 2009 to 2014. The virtual data room (VDR) online repository works as a perfect substitute for physical data rooms by managing the storage and disclosure of documents related to M&A transactions or even venture capital transactions. These online data rooms offer better efficiency, security, and save costs.

The majority of data stored and distributed through VDRs is confidential, and hence maintaining their security with restricted access is of the utmost importance. For the protection of such sensitive information and limited disclosure without any leakage, foolproof PDF security software is required.

Let’s look at how this software can help maintain security for the smooth functioning of virtual data rooms.

Limited User Access

Unlike physical data rooms, where only one bidder team can access the confidential information related to the company undergoing the M&A process, it is possible for multiple users to access virtual data rooms at once. This facility is enhanced by a PDF security tool through secured login credentials for every user. The tool can enable the VDR vendor to offer access only to the interested bidders and their advisers as well as remove user access once the application is withdrawn. An unauthorized user will never be able to login to the VDR, and thus can never access its confidential data.

VDR Access for Multiple Devices

A comprehensive PDF security solution for the VDR will empower users to access it using their login credentials across multiple devices. The security tool will lock user access for select devices to offer better flexibility to the bidders. Specific time limits can be placed to monitor viewing time of the confidential documents across devices. It is possible to set expiration dates to restrict document access based on the number of pages viewed, number of days from initial login, and other factors.

Copy Prevention and Protection

The bidders who have authorized access to the VDR may try to forward the information documents to others through unauthorized access attempts or even by printing documents. Effective PDF security software for digital rights management can be used to prohibit any document printing, or specific restrictions can be placed on the number of document pages that can be printed.

The PDF security tool can help avoid any other attempts to copy information such as offline downloading, image capture through print screen or screen grab tools, and so forth. If a document leaks through, the security software inserts a watermark revealing the user name, company name, email ID, and so forth. This would discourage any authorized users from sharing the private information, as they would not want their names tracked through the watermarks.

Virtual data rooms with a relevant PDF security solution can ensure secured enterprise file sharing and smooth collaboration for M&A transactions. If you aspire to be a reliable virtual data room vendor, opt for the right PDF security software.

There is little doubt that silicon, and the ways we have shaped it, has transformed our world and our society. Silicon, though the most common element on Earth, has gained its mainstream fame over the last 40 years due to its uses in various computer, digital and electronic devices. With just a minute of thought, there is almost nothing in your life that does not involve silicon.

But that’s just the electronics. What you may not know is that silicon actually has many more uses than just in computers, so it leads us to think, what would the world be like if there was no silicon?

Not only would computers not exist – nor smartphones or tablets, which make your briefcase or purse already a little lighter to carry – but there are even some very basic, low-tech ways that silicon would dramatically affect our lives.

In the first place, our beaches on our shores would be dramatically different, as sand is mainly silica. And if you are along coastlines, especially on the East Coast, you can look up from the beaches and see the lighthouses – they would be different too, as the windows are made from sand. And if a lighthouse is made of cement, tat cement may no longer exist because silicon is a key element in most cement. That would mean that airport runways would break down and be unusable, and the absence of silicon would impact the airplanes themselves, as many jets use computers to fly, give information to the black box and establish a correct course and altitude for a particular route.

Silicon has a flame-retardant quality to it in that it can counterbalance oxygen. If silicon were gone, the likely would be even more oxygen available, which might be good for our breathing, but it also exposes wood and paper to higher risk of fire - even spontaneous combustion near a heat source would be possible.

Most airplanes would not work, though older planes flying over land in daylight could find their way to the ground. However, most radio communications would go out, all television and Internet capability and most GPS systems would not work. Traffic (if there were any older cars on the road) would be a nightmare because most traffic signals would not work, and trains would not operate – or ones that were older would not have many of their signals working and would put them at risk of colliding and/or derailing.

Buildings, dams, and other structures would be at great risk of collapsing and decaying without silica, and many people might be susceptible to diseases because silica is often used as a trace element in many medications. The effectiveness of these medications would be impacted, though the extent is not known. Silica has a vital function in some medications and not in others, depending on their make-up.

Just by doing an assessment of the reach of silica, it can be seen clearly that I silicon stopped existing, there could very well be chaos and disorder all around the world because of the various uses and value that silicon has in everyday objects.

But what is silicon did not exist at all, as the initial question seems to imply? What would our world be like if we never had silicon?

Well, it might be safe to say that the world may not be so chaotic, because if the element did not exist, there could be other elements that human ingenuity could have found to use in various areas. It’s certainly possible that some electronics would work differently than we know them now, and cement would have different qualities, and maybe cars might still be analog. Not to mention microwaves and clocks.

Human ingenuity has played a role in our world being in the 21st century. But to be honest, we might still have a 198th century world if we did not have silicon. Or, if we were still in the 21st century society, it would be a more expensive world because replacing silicon with other elements that are not as common as silicon would mean great cost for those producers of modern devices. Imagine your current $15,000 car costing $30,000 or more because of silicon being replaced by some other less common element.

And your cable bill being $200 per month rather than just $100. Talk about an outrage – you would have to get on your $2,000 smartphone and give them a piece of your mind! This, interestingly, would cost no more than it does in a silicon world. So you have that going for you, which is nice.

A quickly growing field that demands high-level knowledge and advanced creativity, robotics is rapidly staking its claim around the world. Several cities across the globe are well-known for being top locations for robotics professionals. Here are six cities on the cutting edge of robotics.

San Jose, California

Because it is at the center of Silicon Valley, it should come as no surprise that San Jose is one of the best places to live for innovators in the field of robotics. Experts in the field tend to obtain degrees at schools like San Jose State University or Stanford University and work for a range of tech-centered companies in the San Jose area. Companies like Google pioneer groundbreaking projects like healthcare-focused robot surgery and cloud-based control over robot armies.

Tokyo, Japan

Always at the front of the pack when it comes to new technology, Tokyo is also a top pick for robotics professionals. Much of the tech here focuses on human-robot interaction, and annual exhibitions demonstrate advances in robot nursing, mobility, and artificial intelligence. The technology is so popular here that it has invaded everyday life. Robot enthusiasts can even dine at robot restaurants or view robot cabaret performances in Tokyo.

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

The famous Carnegie Mellon Robotics Institute is headquartered in Pittsburgh and has drastically improved the employment outlook in this Rust Belt city. Several robotics-focused companies have popped up around this educational center, and Pittsburgh-based robotics engineers work on innovative projects like self-driving cars.

Boston, Massachusetts

Thanks to this city’s high-level science and engineering programs, Boston is a mecca for robotics experts. Graduate programs at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology produce specialists in everything from locomotion to intelligence to marine functions. Now home to over 100 robotics companies, the Boston area is responsible for a range of new technology, from military drones to robots that scan ocean floors to bots that work on assembly lines.

Munich, Germany

Also a center for high-level robotics education, this city is home to the Technische Universität München, or the Technical University of Munich. Numerous engineers study here to become fluent in the intersection of robotics, cognition, and intelligence. Graduates of this program often go on to work for the many robotics firms in Munich, which focus on design, engineering, and manufacturing. Robotics professionals will find a range of opportunities in Munich.

Huntsville, Alabama

Not every robotics hotspot is a sprawling metropolis. Huntsville, Alabama is a small city that boasts an impressive array of robotics jobs for professionals and educational opportunities for future experts. College students can join the NASA Robotics Academy, a competitive summer program that provides engineering students with intensive space-related experience. Those with degrees or technical expertise can pursue additional training or research at the Robotic Maintenance Training Center or the Advanced Technology Research and Development Center in Huntsville.

Once an emerging field, robotics is now poised to expand quickly in centers around the world. Settle into one of these six fast-moving cities, and you’ll be in the middle of the action.

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